Major championship

The Open Championship

Links venues in England, Scotland and Northern Ireland Established 1860

American Golf Archive illustration of the Claret Jug presented at The Open Championship.
American Golf Archive editorial illustration

Golf’s original championship moves among links courses, where land, wind and the recurring rota shape the contest for the Claret Jug.

At a glance

Founded
1860
Governing organization
The R&A
Usual calendar position
July
Venue model
A recurring group of links courses
Field character
Exempt players and golfers reaching the field through international and final qualifying routes
Format
72-hole stroke play

Across the years

Champions through time

Latest verified Edition

Ryan Fox

Status
Completed
Venue
Royal Birkdale
Champion
Ryan Fox
Open 2026 The 154th Open
Browse complete history 167 editions

Archive essay

Why it matters

The Open Championship is golf’s original championship, first played in 1860 and now contested over 72-hole stroke play on links courses for the Claret Jug.

The Championship’s defining landscape is linksland. Moving among recurring links courses allows firm ground, exposed terrain and wind to alter the questions asked of the field, while the Claret Jug and the title Champion Golfer provide continuity across venues and generations.

Chapter 01

Origins and identity

The Open began at Prestwick in 1860, decades before the modern men’s major canon existed. It was one of the leading championships in Bobby Jones’s 1930 Grand Slam, alongside two amateur championships, so its foundational place in golf history belongs to an older arrangement as well as today’s four-event one.

Chapter 02

Place and competitive character

Prestwick was the birthplace and sole early home of The Open; St Andrews and other links later expanded its geography. The recurring venue tradition now returns the Championship to established links while preserving Prestwick as a former venue central to the origin story.

Chapter 03

Traditions, qualification and evolution

The field combines exemption categories with several qualification pathways that are reviewed for each edition. Those pathways include international tour events and final qualifying, preserving routes into the Championship beyond automatic exemption. The title is decided over four stroke-play rounds.

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